Wednesday, 27 January 2010
Pest control discounts for OAP`s
Tuesday, 26 January 2010
Moles - A Pain in the Grass!
Of course when you're digging all those tunnels the excavated soil has to go somewhere, and it ends up in neat little heaps, known as ‘mole-heaves’ on the surface. Every couple of metres the mole digs a vertical shaft, straight up to the surface, and pushes all the freshly dug soil up and out of it. The sudden, overnight appearance of mounds of earth on a well manicured lawn are a sure sign that a mole has taken up residence.
Any keen gardener naturally feels annoyed when molehills appear in their garden. The sight of all those mounds of soil can give the impression that a whole army of moles have moved in, but it's nearly always the work of just one animal. Moles are solitary animals and are extremely territorial. They won't allow another mole to enter their territory... and their territories can cover more than a quarter of an acre.
Tiny Mice Create Big Problems in Norfolk
And as our British winter grows colder and wetter, mice are more likely to set up housekeeping in our cozy homes and businesses.
The mice we see most often in our pest control business are the house mouse Mus musculus. Two other types of mouse, the wood mouse and the harvest mouse, also may invade human dwellings but are most often found in sheds and homes in remote or rural areas.
The house mouse can be easily distinguished from wood and harvest mice by its larger size and a nearly hairless tail. In comparison, the other two species are much smaller and have tails that are covered with dark fur on top, lighter fur on bottom. House mice weigh about half an ounce and are 5 to 7 inches in length, including their 3- to 4-inch tails.
One reason mice present such a tough pest control problem is their small size. They need only a quarter-inch gap to gain entry into a building and require only minute amounts of food and water to survive. As a result mouse infestations are much more common and difficult to control than rat infestations – and every bit as hazardous to health and property.
Mice eat and contaminate human and pet foods, preferring grains but apparently willing to nibble on almost anything. One of our pest control customers discovered a
nest of mice
in a trunk where she stored historic family documents, vintage clothing and other mementoes. Not only did she find the remains of precious keepsakes shredded in a pile, she found dry dog food nuggets the mice apparently had confiscated from her pet's dish and tucked away for safe-keeping.
Mice transmit diseases such as salmonellosis (food poisoning) and can cause significant property damage, chewing through electrical wires, shredding insulation and gnawing woodwork.
Often people discover a mouse problem when they find tiny black droppings or notice the corner of a cracker box or bag of chips has been gnawed away. Mice also have a distinctive musky smell that may be noticeable. They are most active at night, can run straight up vertical walls and jump a foot off the ground. They reproduce rapidly, bearing as many as 10 litters of 5 or 6 pups per year; their life span is approximately one year.
The most effective ways to prevent mice are to keep all foodstuffs tightly sealed in glass or metal containers, to avoid leaving pet food out, keep all rubbish containers tightly sealed and to seal all gaps and crevices where mice can come in from outside, such as along pipes and wiring conduit. Self-installed metal barriers, such as tin can lids and steel wool, are effective barriers to gnawing but usually don't provide long-term protection.
Apartment buildings are especially notorious for mouse infestations, in part because mice are able to move easily from apartment to apartment along pipes and conduits and because it is difficult to ensure adherence to pest control measures by all tenants.
Once there is an established infestation in a home or business, it is almost always necessary to use mouse traps or poison bait to eliminate the mice. Baits are dangerous and must be kept inaccessible to children and pets. Electronic devices that emit a high-frequency sound, though widely advertised, are generally ineffective in preventing mice. A good feline or canine 'mouser' may help control the mouse population or discourage mice from moving in, but will generally not be able to completely eliminate mice once a site is infested.
Poor composting and rodents in Norfolk
Rodent problems persist on UK farms
LARGE numbers of farms across the country continue to suffer serious rat and mouse problems, despite more frequent rodenticide use and generally improved baiting practice.
This is the finding of the latest annual rodent control study, conducted by BASF Pest Control Solutions in association with Farmers Guardian.
The 2009 study involved more than 90 separate holdings spanning a broad range of enterprises, spread over about 13,000ha (32,000 acres) from Orkney to Devon and Anglesey to Norfolk. Most farms experienced both rat and mouse problems at some stage, with rat infestations rated more serious by most.
Dairy units experienced noticeably greater rat problems than pig and poultry, arable or beef and sheep holdings. The greatest mouse pressures were felt by pig and poultry producers and the least on arable units.
Every farm carried out some rodenticide baiting in the year ending last October, with more than 90 per cent undertaking three or more cycles against the 80 per cent-plus doing so in 2008.
More than half the arable and pig and poultry units baited six or more times in 12 months, compared to around a quarter of beef and sheep, and dairy producers.
Unsurprisingly perhaps, the winter months saw the greatest rodenticide use, with more than 70 per cent of farms baiting each month from September through to February. Baiting fell off slightly in March and declined steadily from April to June, before picking up again from July. Even so, 15 per cent of farms used a rodenticide in June and these were almost equally divided between the four different enterprise types.
Every farm can identify at least one way in which they are finding rodent control more challenging these days,
Just like 2008, bigger and more frequent infestations and longer baiting periods are considered the three greatest challenges.
A greater need to safeguard other animals, greater farm assurance demands and less predictable infestations are identified as key control challenges by many.
Rat and mouse infestations are becoming more problematic and less predictable,” he says.
At the same time, there is a growing need to demonstrate good control for farm assurance purposes.
Baiting has to be increasingly secure to protect non-target species, which can seriously limit its effectiveness in some cases;especially so with less and less time available on most units.”
Control practices
Its good news the fact nearly three quarters of farms now place all their rodent bait in secure containers and continued improvement in most key control practices over the past three years. However, there are still a number of causes for current concern.
Studies shows only 4 per cent of farms are currently employing all six of the most important elements of best rodent control practice, for instance,
Half are using two or fewer elements and 15 per cent none whatsoever. Most farms clearly have considerable room for improvement in rising to the increasing control challenge.
Farmers would do well to concentrate on improving the accuracy of their bait point siting, the number of bait points they use, the frequency with which they top them up and the extent to which they rodent-proof alternative food sources, in particular.
Equally, when tackling rats, it really helps to permanently site empty bait containers in key locations to overcome their natural wariness of new things - something less than a third of farmers currently do.
Thankfully, rodenticide resistance still does not appear to be a major issue with either rats or mice on most farms. Most farms in the latest study rarely, if ever, come across resistance in either rodent species.
Pot a pigeon days for East Anglia farmers
Wood pigeons continue to be a major pest, inflicting serious damage annually on a wide range of crops. Efforts to deter them using audible bird scarers are leading to a growing number of complaints from the public. The code of shooting good practice is available at www.basc.org.uk
Monday, 25 January 2010
Pests in Norfolk Schools
After the school holidays its not just the kids returning to school, but few parents give any thought to what else returns – the constant problem of insect and rodent pests.
Throughout the year, Castle Pest Control Services employ their skills to ensure that Norfolk schools remain pest-free, and this is because schools are magnets for a wide variety of pest problems. In the UK, a thorough set of standards developed by the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) determines the manner in which schools are kept pest-free.
Pest control is never conducted during the school day when students, teachers, and administrators are in the structure. The only exception would be the rare situation such as the presence of a wasp nest or other immediate concern. "Our working philosophy is called Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and that means that the least amount of pesticide application necessary to exterminate a pest population is employed," says Kelvin from Castle Pest Control Services.
Intensive inspections of schools are an essential element of IPM to identify areas in and around a school where pests can gain entry. A hole no bigger than a tuppence is big enough to permit rodents to gain access, so a lot of attention is paid to the physical aspects of schools, including the amount of foliage that can provide harborage for various pest species.
School cafeterias are "a hotspot" because pests such as cockroaches and mice are drawn to the availability of food. Cockroaches spread Salmonella, among a variety of other diseases. Ants, too, are a major pest problem in cafeteria and other areas. Food that is brought to school and left in lockers offers a feast for both cockroaches and ants, among other insect pest species.
A common school-related problem is head lice, but this is a health problem dealt with by parents who can obtain treatments for any student who must be treated for lice.
In urban areas, pigeons find that schools provide places for nesting and their droppings can prove destructive to structures as well as being a health risk. Bird control becomes an element of pest control where this problem occurs.
Parents will understandably be concerned about the spread of H1N1 flu this year and school officials are on the alert, but the one thing that parents will not need to worry about is a pest infestation because extensive, practical, and proven procedures ensure that schools can be kept pest-freeFriday, 22 January 2010
A brief history of pest control
The first recorded instance of pest control takes us back to 2500BC when the Sumerians
used sulphur to control insects. Then around 1200BC the Chinese, in their great
age of discovery towards the end of the Shang Dynasty, were using chemicals to
control insects. The Chinese continued to develop ever more sophisticated
chemicals and methods of controlling insects for crops and for people's comfort.
No doubt the spread of pest control know-how was helped by the advanced state of
Chinese writing ability. Although progress in pest control methods undoubtedly
continued, the next significant scrap of evidence does not come until around
750BC when Homer described the Greek use of wood ash spread on land as a form of
pest control.
Around 500BC the Chinese were using mercury and arsenic compounds as a means
to control body lice, a common problem throughout history. In 440BC the Ancient
Egyptian's used fishing nets to cover their beds or their homes at night as a
protection from mosquitoes
From 300BC
there is evidence of the use of use of predatory insects to control pests,
although this method was almost certainly developed before this date. The Romans
developed pest control methods and these ideas were spread throughout the
empire. In
200BC, Roman censor Cato encouraged the use of oils as a means of pest control
and in 70AD Pliny the Elder wrote that galbanum resin (from the fennel plant)
should be added to sulphur in order to discourage mosquitoes. In 13BC the first recorded rat-proof grain store was built by the Romans.
The first known instance where predatory insects were transported from one area to another comes from Arabia around 1000AD where date growers moved cultures of ants from neighboring mountains to their oasis plantations in order
to prey on phytophagous ants which attacked date palm.
Despite the enlightenment provided by the ancient Chinese, Arabs and Romans,
many of their teachings did not pass down though time. Certainly in Europe
during the dark ages, methods of pest control were just as likely to be based on
superstition and local spiritual rituals as any proven method. Pests were often
seen as workers of evil - especially those that ruined food, crops or livestock.
Although there were undoubtedly studies of pests during the dark ages, we do not
have any recorded evidence of this.
It is not until the European renaissance when more evidence of pest control
emerges. In 1758 the great Swedish botanist and taxonomist Carolus Linnaeus
catalogued and named many pests. His writings were (and remain) the root and
source of future study into pests (as well as plants and animals generally). At
the same time, the agricultural revolution began in Europe and heralded a more widespread application of pest control. With the work of Linnaeus and other
scholars and the commercial needs to ensure crops and livestock were protected,
pest control became more systemized and spread throughout the world. As global
trade increased, new pesticides were discovered.
At this point pest control was carried out by farmers and some householders
as an everyday activity. By the early nineteenth century however, this changed
as studies and writings started to appear that treated pest control as a
separate discipline. Increasing use of intensive and large scale farming brought
matching increases in the intensity and scale of pest scares such as the
disastrous potato famine in Ireland in 1840. Pest control management was scaled
up to meet these demands, to the point that dedicated pest controllers began to
emerge throughout the 20th century.
In 1921 the first crop-spraying aeroplane was employed and in 1962 flying insect control was revolutionized when Insect-o-cutor started selling fly killer
machines using ultra violet lamps.
Pest control is still carried out by farmers and householders to this day.
There are also pest control specialists (sometimes called pesties); many
are one-person businesses and others work for large companies. In most countries
the pest control industry has been dogged by a few bad practitioners who have
tarnished the reputation for the highly professional and responsible majority.
One thing is for certain, from way before the Sumerians of 2500BC to us in modern times, there have always been - and probably always will be - pests (including some human ones!). Thank goodness, therefore, that we have pest controllers.
Did you know?
We would give him a job
Binoy Kumar Karmakar, 40, used traps, poison and flooding to kill his quarry, and collected their tails to prove his success rate and claim a prize from the government.
Karmakar collected a 14-inch Sony colour television for winning the competition for 2008, which was part of a nationwide drive to stop food supplies being eaten up by rats.
"During the year, our farmers killed around 25 million rats," agriculture department spokesman Abdul Halim said. "Binoy Kumar Karmakar has been declared the champion for killing 39,650."
Officials estimate that up to 10 percent of Bangladesh's crops -- mostly rice, wheat and potato -- is devoured by millions of rats every year.
Last year an invasion of rats in Bangladesh's southeastern Chittagong hill tracts region wiped out crops and caused a famine in some remote villages.
The UN's World Food Programme distributed food aid to 120,000 people for four months after the invasion forced affected tribal people to live on wild roots
Thursday, 21 January 2010
Dont Let the Bedbugs Bite
Castle Pest Control Services has seen a bedbug increase in the last five years.
The biggest hotspots are the hotels. When people check in to hotels, they throw luggage on the bed or near the dresser, and then the bed bugs crawl into the luggage and hide. When it's time check out, the bugs go, too.
Training and prevention tips are what's required to combat the bed bug invasion.
What is a bed bug?
The bed bug is reddish-brown in colour, small and flat. They are between the size of a tomato seed and apple seed. And although bed bugs are mostly known for their attachment to beds and box springs, there are other types of bed bugs that feed on bats and birds. A young bed bug looks exactly like its adult counterpart, unlike a butterfly with a larvae stage.
What are the signs?
When travelling, the first thing you should do is pull back the sheets to look for the tell-tell blood stains, which are the bed bugs' fecal matter.
Sometimes when people see the blood they think they've cut themselves. The first thing they do is look for a scab. Those bites usually are the first signs. Most people don't even notice they have bed bugs until they've been bitten.
The bites are small. Those who aren't allergic usually believe it to be a flea or spider bite. People who are allergic are the ones who really notice the bites because of the blistering. The skin will actually form a blister between a 5p and a 1p in size.
What can be done?
The Health and Safety Executive stopped the use of many of the materials and chemicals used to get rid of bed bugs. Even as late as eight years ago, many of the chemicals used to treat mattresses and boxsprings have been pulled off the market. And pesticides such as DDT, which was banned 1960s, helped to really eradicate the bed bug population.
To eliminate bed bugs today, a three-part treatment is required. The first day is inspecting the infestation and also treating the room. Castle pest control Services will then return twice more, looking to see if there are any more bed bugs and continuing treatment. Usually, by the third visit the bugs have been booted from the bed.
There are other methods such as steam, chronogenetic and heat treatment, both of which Castle Pest Control Services doesn't do.
What's the future?
There is an embarrassment about having bed bugs, yet the thought that bed bugs are only found in dirty places is a misnomer. Five star hotels are just as likely to be infested as a YHA hostel. Education is important: bed bugs don't necessarily mean dirty homes.
Making sure to repair wallpaper that's loose and the carpeting that's pulling up are just two things that can make sure bed bugs don't have a home. Vacuuming and inspecting the mattress also help. And remember the advice Mum always told you: Change your sheets often.
Keeping bed bugs at bay is about being vigilant. That means simple things such as not placing the suitcase on a bed until inspection, or better yet using the suitcase stand. Either way, bed bugs can be prevented: they're not wandering around Norfolk looking for any unlocked doors.
For more information visit http://www.castlepest.co.uk
Pest Control Norfolk, Pest in the kitchen
Grain and flour beetles are brown or reddish-brown, depending on the species. The larvae of these beetles (yellowish-white in color) will be noticeable in food upon careful inspection.
The black carpet beetle, the dermestid grain beetle and related beetles are commonly found in stored products, on windowsills during migration and on the surface of items like cake and sweets. Larvae of carpet beetles are very distinctive. They are covered with long brown hairs, usually with a tuft of hairs at the tail end. The larvae are yellow and brown in colour.
Weevils are small (one-eighth of an inch) hard-bodied beetles equipped with a characteristic snout. Weevils infest whole grain and legumes such as wheat, rice, corn, beans, peas, etc.
Food moths may be seen flying around the kitchen or other storage areas. The adult Indian meal moth is two-toned grey with a wingspan of ¾". The larvae, pinkish-white in color, often web together their food, such as flour or cornmeal.
The Mediterranean flour moth, with a 1-inch wingspan, has similar habits.
Several more exotic species might be encountered including the spider beetle (one-eighth inch), drugstore and cigarette beetles (1/10 inch), mealworms (1 1/4 inches) and flour, grain, or cheese mites (1/50 inch).
If food is badly infested, discard it carefully by enclosing it in a tightly sealed container and placing it in the rubbish. Materials stored for long periods of time should be carefully inspected before using. Inspect unopened cardboard boxes since pests can chew into these boxes and plastic inserts. If the food is badly infested, use it for bird food.
If the infestation is minimal or only suspected, the food may be super-heated to 55°C for 30 minutes.
Stir periodically to avoid scorching. Also, super-cooling to -18°C for 7 days will kill most insects. To kill external insects, dried fruits can be placed in cheesecloth bags and dipped in boiling water for six seconds.
Thoroughly vacuum the cupboards to remove all loose food and insects, making sure to clean any possible areas where the insects might be hiding.
The ability of these insects to find a small amount of food and survive is amazing. Cover dry, clean shelves and drawers with fresh paper before replacing with food or cooking utensils.
Avoid using insecticides around food materials. If the problem becomes severe and widespread, contact Castle Pest Control Services.
To prevent infestation keep packages sealed in tight fitting containers so insects cannot get into them.
Pest Control Norfolk Tips For The New Year
January, in the heart of winter, may not seem like the best time to talk about household pests, but one New Year's resolution worth considering is pest-proofing one's home. It protects against threats to health and, importantly, damage to one's greatest investment.
Late autumn and winter is the time when rodent species, looking for a warm harborage, invade homes. Once inside, they will chew on wires and pose a threat of fire. Since rodents urinate and defecate wherever they go, the potential for diseases increases, particularly when they invade food store areas.
Do-it-yourself pest control efforts usually fail – that's when pest management professionals get the call and that's when their expertise and the means to trap and control mice and rats demonstrate why their training is essential to controlling such problems.
As if rodents weren't bad enough, many homes in the UK commonly suffer invasions by squirrels and bats.
Sealing cracks in the home's foundation, storing firewood away from the home, cutting back tree limbs that provide access to the roof, and many other steps will be recommended by Castle Pest Control Services.
A wide variety of insect pests can over-winter in a home. Wasps and hornets will hibernate in void areas under the roof and emerge when the weather turns warm to begin new colonies and build nests.
Cockroaches are nature's greatest survivors and even a few can swiftly multiply into hundreds once the weather triggers their instinctual behaviour.
The UK is home as well to a thriving population of foxes who think that rubbish bins are open-air cafeterias. Taking care to ensure that rubbish containers are tightly sealed can go far in avoiding unwelcome visitors.
Mother Nature never takes a vacation and affords insect and rodents pests, as well as other creatures many opportunities to reproduce in staggeringly high numbers. A home with its warmth, its ample supplies of food and water, and its wood components are magnets for pests of every description.
Rising water means rising rats and mice in Norfolk
It’s not bad enough that we have had snow problems for the last fortnight in Norfolk but there were risks of flash floods from the melting snow at the weekend.
So, on top of worrying about losing all your belongings and furnishings to flood damage and the months of misery that this event could bring, we should now also be aware of the potential danger of rats & mice entering our homes – not just water. It seems the flood waters can displace rodents from their natural habitat and encourage them to seek out new lodgings and food in our damaged homes.
On top of the potential rodent problems caused by floods, bacterial issues in flooded homes can also become a real concern and it is important to carry out effective disinfection in homes to minimise the risk of contamination, especially if you believe you may have had rats or mice! Professional anti-bacterial treatments are available to effectively reduce the risk of infection from flood waters and “flood rats”. Sadly, this is just another issue that needs to be tackled if your home is ever flooded – an event, which climate change experts believe is likely to occur more and more.